Anatomical dead space gravity10/27/2023 ![]() ![]() It induces a narrowing of the upper airways and causes a soft palate flapping, sometimes resulting in a dramatic asphyxia in racing horses. In all other conditions, this dorsal displacement is abnormal and will induce dyspnea, especially during strenuous exercise. In horses, the displacement of the caudal border of the soft palate to a position above the epiglottis, called dorsal displacement of the soft palate, is not physiologic, except when it occurs during swallowing, coughing, or whinnying (see Figure 9-1). (l: nasal cavity 2: nasopharynx 3: oropharynx 4: soft palate 5: intrapharyngeal ostium (“button hole”) 6: epiglottis 7: corniculate cartilage 8: larynx 9: trachea 10: guttural pouch 11: frontal sinus 12: sphenopalatine sinus 13: esophagus 14: tongue 15: food bolus 16: closed larynx 17: endoscope.) (Modified with permission from Cook WR: Specifications for speed in the racehorse: in the airflow factors, Menasha, WI, 1989, Russell Meerdink.) FIGURE 9-1 Lateral view of the pharyngolaryngeal area during ( A) normal breathing, ( B) swallowing, and ( C) dorsal displacement of the soft palate.
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